Wirkstoffe O
According to the NCI website Obinutuzumab, a third generation type II anti-CD20 antibody, selectivity binds to the extracellular domain of the human CD20 antigen on malignant human B cells.
Indikationen/Anwendungsmöglichkeiten gemäss des Arzneimittel-Kompendiums der Schweiz®:
Gazyvaro ist in Kombination mit Chlorambucil zur Behandlung von Patienten mit bisher unbehandelter chronisch lymphatischer Leukämie (CLL) und zusätzlichen Komorbiditäten indiziert.
Link to Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)Link zur Fachinformation des Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz
Monoclonal Antibodies
Sandostatin®; According to the NCI octreotide acetate is the acetate salt of a synthetic long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic properties mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. Octreotide is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than somatostatin. Similar to somatostatin, this agent also suppresses the luteinizing hormone response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone, decreases splanchnic blood flow, and inhibits the release of serotonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secretin, motilin, pancreatic polypeptide, and thyroid stimulating hormone.
Indikationen/Anwendungsmöglichkeiten gemäss Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz®:
Zur Symptombehandlung bei funktionellen Tumoren des gastroenteropankreatischen endokrinen Systems
Bei diesen Indikationen ist die Wirksamkeit genügend dokumentiert:
– Karzinoide mit den Merkmalen des Karzinoid-Syndroms;
– VIPome (VIP: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide);
– Glukagonome.
Bei diesen Indikationen wirkt Sandostatin bei ungefähr 50% der Fälle, wobei die Anzahl der untersuchten Patienten beschränkt ist:
– Gastrinome/Zollinger-Ellison-Syndrom (meistens in Kombination mit Protonenpumpenblockern oder Therapie mit H2-Antagonisten;
– Insulinome, zur präoperativen Vermeidung einer Hypoglykämie und zur Erhaltungs-Therapie;
– GRFome (GRF: Growth Hormone Releasing Factor).
Sandostatin führt bei diesen Krankheiten oft zu einer Besserung der Symptome, nicht aber zur Heilung.
– Vorbeugung der Komplikationen nach einer Pankreasoperation.
– Notfallbehandlung, zusammen mit einer spezifischen Therapie wie der endoskopischen Sklerotherapie, bei gastro-oesophagealen Varizenblutungen bei Patienten mit Zirrhose.
Akromegalie
Zur Symptombehandlung und Senkung der GH- (Growth Hormon = Wachstumshormon) und IGF-1- (IGF: Insulin Growth Factor) Plasmaspiegel bei Patienten mit Akromegalie, bei denen eine chirurgische Behandlung oder Radiotherapie keinen Erfolg zeigte. Eine Sandostatin-Therapie ist ferner bei akromegalen Patienten angezeigt, die nicht bereit oder in der Lage sind, sich einem operativen Eingriff zu unterziehen oder zur Überbrückung, bis die Radiotherapie ihre volle Wirkung zeigt.
Link to Drug Information Portal
Link to MedlinePlus
Link to National Cancer Institute
Link zu Wiki
Link zu PharmaWiki
Link to Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
Link zur Fachinformation des Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz
Info for Patients presented by Scott Hamilton from Chemocare.com
Arzerra® - According to the NCI website is a fully human, high-affinity IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the B cell CD20 cell surface antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Ofatumumab binds specifically to CD20 on the surfaces of B cells, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of B cells overexpressing CD20.
Indikationen/Anwendungsmöglichkeiten gemäss Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz®:
-
Bislang unbehandelte chronische lymphatische Leukämie (CLL):
- Rezidivierende oder refraktäre CLL:
Link to Drug Information Portal, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
Link to MedlinePlus
Link to National Cancer Institute
Link zu PharmaWiki
Link to Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
Link to European Medicines Agency (EMEA)
Link zur Fachinformation des Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz
Info for Patients presented by Scott Hamilton from Chemocare.com
Monoclonal antibodies for tumors
Monoclonal Antibodies
Indikationen/Anwendungsmöglichkeiten gemäss Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz®:
- Lynparza Filmtabletten sind indiziert als Erhaltungstherapie (Monotherapie) bei Patientinnen mit BRCA-mutiertem fortgeschrittenem (FIGO Stadium III und IV) high-grade serösem Ovarialkarzinom im Anschluss an eine (neo)adjuvante platinhaltige Erstlinien-Chemotherapie bei Vorliegen einer kompletten oder partiellen Remission.
- Lynparza Filmtabletten sind indiziert als Erhaltungstherapie (Monotherapie) bei Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittenem, platin-sensitivem rezidiviertem high-grade serösem Ovarialkarzinom im Anschluss an eine platinhaltige Chemotherapie bei Vorliegen einer kompletten oder partiellen Remission.
- Lynparza Filmtabletten sind indiziert als Monotherapie bei Patienten mit metastasiertem HER2-negativem Mammakarzinom mit gBRCA-Mutation, die zuvor mit Anthracyclin und einem Taxan (sofern nicht kontraindiziert) entweder in neoadjuvanter, adjuvanter oder metastasierter Situation behandelt wurden. Patienten mit Hormonrezeptor (HR)-positivem Brustkrebs sollen unter angemessener vorangehender endokriner Therapie einen Progress gezeigt haben, oder für eine endokrine Behandlung als ungeeignet angesehen werden.
Merkblätter für Patientinnen und Patienten (Tabletten)
According to the FORMA THERAPEUTICS® website, Olutasidenib (FT-2102) is a next generation inhibitor of mutated isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1m) intended to treat patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and patients with glioma and other solid tumors with an IDH1 mutation.
IDH1 is a natural enzyme that is part of the normal metabolism of all cells. Mutations of IDH1 can produce excessive amounts of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) which impairs cell differentiation and promotes blood malignancies and solid tumors.
More info on the FORMA THERAPEUTICS® website
According to the NCI website omacetaxine mepesuccinate is a semisynthetic formulation of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid homoharringtonine isolated from the evergreen tree Cephalotaxus with potential antineoplastic activity. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate binds to the 80S ribosome in eukaryotic cells and inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with chain elongation. This agent also induces differentiation and apoptosis in some cancer cell types.
Indication gemäss EMEA:
Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukaemia in patients who have the T315I Bcr-Abl kinase domain mutation and who are resistant to prior imatinib therapy.
Link to Drug Information Portal, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
Link to MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
Link to National Cancer Institute
Link zu Wiki
Link to Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
Link to European Medicines Agency (EMEA)
Info for Patients presented by Scott Hamilton from Chemocare.com
Zytostatikum
According to the NCI website, onvansertib is an orally bioavailable, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibitor of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, onvansertib selectively binds to and inhibits PLK1, which disrupts mitosis and induces selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase that is crucial for the regulation of mitosis, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. PLK1 expression is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and high expression is associated with increased aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Check for active clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)
More Information in English:
Link to Drug Information Portal, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
Link to National Cancer Institute
According to the NCI website oprelvekin is a recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin 11 (IL-11). Secreted by bone marrow stromal cells and a number of mesenchymal cells, IL-11 binds to and activates its cell-surface receptor, promoting primary and secondary immune responses, modulating antigen-specific antibody reactions, and preventing apoptotic cell death. This agent also stimulates the T-cell-dependent development of IgG-secreting B-cells in spleen cell cultures and may be an important regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis.
IIndikationen/Anwendungsmöglichkeiten gemäss Chemocare.com:
Oprelvekin is used to stimulate the bone marrow to produce platelets in order to prevent low platelets that may be caused by chemotherapy. Platelets are blood cells that allow the blood to clot, and prevent bleeding.
Oprelvekin may be given to decrease the need for platelet transfusions.
Oprelvekin is not indicated for myeloid malignancies (diseases that start in the bone marrow such as leukemia).
Oprelvekin is a support medication. It does not treat cancer.
Link to Drug Information Portal
Link to MedlinePlus
Link to National Cancer Institute
Link zu Wiki
Link to Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
Info for Patients presented by Scott Hamilton from Chemocare.com
According to the NCI website oprozomib is an orally bioavailable proteasome inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Oprozomib inhibits the activity of the proteasome, thereby blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome; this may result in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins. Disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, eventually leading to the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor growth.
Link to Drug Information Portal
Link to National Cancer Institute
According to the NCI website, Orvacabtagene autoleucel (autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes JCARH125) is an immunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody M9346A against folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) conjugated, via the disulfide-containing cleavable linker sulfo-SPDB, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-FOLR1 monoclonal antibody moiety of mirvetuximab soravtansine targets and binds to the cell surface antigen FOLR1. After antibody-antigen interaction and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby inhibiting cell division and cell growth of FOLR1-expressing tumor cells. FOLR1, a member of the folate receptor family is overexpressed on a variety of epithelial-derived cancer cells. The sulfo-SPDB linker prevents cleavage in the bloodstream and may improve this agent’s efficacy in multidrug resistant tumor cells. Check for active clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)
Inxight: Drugs (NIH)
Link to National Cancer Institute
According to the NCI website osimertinib is an orally available, irreversible, third-generation, mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, osimertinib selectively and covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of the mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant form, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many types of cancers, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. As osimertinib inhibits T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, this agent may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors, which also inhibit wild-type EGFR.
TAGRISSO ist gemäss Compendium® indiziert für:
- die Erstlinientherapie bei erwachsenen Patienten mit lokal fortgeschrittenem oder metastasiertem nicht-kleinzelligen Lungenkarzinom (NSCLC) mit EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) Exon 19 Deletionen oder Exon 21 (L858R) Substitutionsmutationen.
- die Behandlung von erwachsenen Patienten mit lokal fortgeschrittenem oder metastasiertem NSCLC mit EGFR-T790M-Mutation, bei denen es während oder nach einer EGFR-TKI-Therapie zur Krankheitsprogression gekommen ist.
Arzneimittelinformationen gemäss Compendium®
Eloxatin® sowie diverse Generika; According to the NCI website after displacement of the labile oxalate ligand leaving group, active oxaliplatin derivatives, such as monoaquo and diaquo DACH platinum, alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which result in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and cell-cycle nonspecific cytotoxicity. The DACH side chain appears to inhibit alkylating-agent resistance.
Indikationen/Anwendungsmöglichkeiten gemäss Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz®:
Behandlung metastasierender kolorektaler Karzinome in Kombination mit 5-Fluorouracil und Folinsäure.
Adjuvante Therapie des Kolonkarzinoms im Stadium III (Stadium C nach Dukes) in Kombination mit 5-Fluorouracil und Folinsäure.
Link to MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
Link to National Cancer Institute
Link zu Wiki
Link zu PharmaWiki
Link to Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
Link zur Fachinformation des Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz
Info for Patients presented by Scott Hamilton from Chemocare.com