Myelodysplastic Syndromes—Clinical Studies: Novel Therapeutics I
229 Eltrombopag Improves Hematopoiesis in Patients with Low to Intermediate-2 Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome(MDS)
Alana Vicente, , et al.
The Abstract concludes: Our results suggest that EPAG is well-tolerated and effective in restoring hematopoiesis in patients with low to intermediate-2 risk MDS, particular with a prior history of hypoplastic bone marrow failure syndromes. EPAG was discontinued for robust response in the majority of responders but declining blood cell counts were observed in about 50% of them. Variants in MCG were more common at study entry compared to patients with aplastic anemia (Yoshizato, NEJM, 2015). However, EPAG appears not to selectively promote expansion of clones harboring MCGs in this patient population.
230 Phase 2 Expansion Study of Oral Rigosertib Combined with Azacitidine (AZA) in Patients (Pts) with Higher-Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): Efficacy and Safety Results in HMA Treatment Naïve & Relapsed (Rel)/Refractory (Ref) Patients
Shyamala C. Navada, , et al.
The Abstract concludes: The combination of oral rigosertib and AZA in HMA naïve patients with HR-MDS is encouraging compared to single agent AZA. The combination also has activity and reverses the HMA clinical resistance in a substantial number of patients after Rel/Ref, a finding with potentially significant clinical implications. Dose exploration with a higher dose of oral rigosertib (1120mg) administered in different dosing schemes in combination with standard dose AZA continues to be studied to optimize safety and efficacy. By employing risk mitigation strategies, the incidence of GU AEs, including hematuria, has been substantially reduced. We will update the safety and efficacy data at the time of presentation. Based on this data a pivotal trial is planned.
231 Long Term Results of a Randomized Phase 2 Dose-Response Study of Guadecitabine, a Novel Subcutaneous (SC) Hypomethylating Agent (HMA), in 102 Patients with Intermediate or High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) or Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Guillermo Garcia-Manero, , et al.
The Abstract concludes: Guadecitabine at both dose groups is a well-tolerated novel HMA with clinical activity in the treatment of both TN and r/r Int and HR MDS, and CMML patients. In TN MDS patient CR rate of 22% and median OS of 23.4 months compare well with first generation HMA efficacy (Fenaux et al, 2009, Lancet Oncology). Activity in r/r MDS who previously failed prior HMAs is particularly promising (CR+mCR in 32% of patients with median duration of response and overall survival of almost 8 and 12 months respectively). A phase 3 trial (ASTRAL-3) of guadecitabine vs Physician Treatment Choice in r/r MDS and CMML patients previously treated with azacitidine or decitabine is actively enrolling (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02907359).
232 Final Report of a Phase II Study of Guadecitabine (SGI-110) in Patients (pts) with Previously Untreated Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Guillermo Garcia-Manero, , et al.
The Abstract concludes: SGI-110 is well tolerated in previously untreated MDS. ORR appears to be better than expected compared to azacitidine or decitabine. Longer follow-up and randomized trials will be needed to understand effect on survival.
233 Selinexor, a First-in-Class XPO1 Inhibitor, Is Efficacious and Tolerable in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes Refractory to Hypomethylating Agents
Justin Taylor, , et al.
The Abstract concludes: These data indicate that selinexor is safe and tolerable in MDS when given at 60mg twice-weekly for 2 weeks with 1 week off with a 32% response rate. Responses appear to be enriched in patients with SF3B1 mutations and selinexor appears to affect pathways that may be activated downstream of mutant-SF3B1, such as NF-κB and Myc. Detailed correlative and pre-clinical analyses are ongoing and should provide further illumination of the biological relevance of these markers, which will be tested prospectively in future clinical trials. Further studies of selinexor combined with targeted agents that disrupt similar or complementary oncogenic pathways in MDS could further improve responses.
234 Safety and Efficacy, Including Event-Free Survival, of Deferasirox Versus Placebo in Iron-Overloaded Patients with Low- and Int-1-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): Outcomes from the Randomized, Double-Blind Telesto Study
Emanuele Angelucci, et al.
The Abstract concludes: TELESTO is the first prospective, randomized study in Low/Int-1-risk MDS pts with IO to show ICT with DFX provides clinical benefit across multiple tissues, leading to longer EFS (including cardiac and liver events and transformation to AML) vs PBO. The safety profile was as expected, consistent with previous studies of DFX in adult MDS pts with IO. Considering the current treatment landscape, it is unlikely that a similar, randomized trial can be performed. These results support the use of DFX in Low/Int-1-risk MDS pts with IO.